ekroth



9 SheetsSheet 1. T. EKROTH.

CASH REGISTER.

(No Model.)

Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

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9SheetB---Sheet- 2. T. EKROTH.- CASH REGISTER.

(No Model.)

No. 470,423. Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

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9 Sheets Sheet 3.

vPatented Mar. 8, 1892.

T. EKROTH.

CASH REGISTER.

we marina versus co., PHOYO-LITHO WASHINGTON, n. c.

(No Model.)

(No Model.)

No. 470,423. Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

m: NORRIS rzrzns co., PHoYo-urwm, msmmrou, a c.

9 Sh t Sh t 5. T.EKROTH. 66

CASE REGISTER.

(No Model.)

Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

we mums NJtus co, mom-mum, WASHINGTON, n. c

9 Sheets-Sheet 6. T. EKROTH. CASH REGISTER.

(No Model.)

No. 470,423. Patented Mar. '8, 1892.

Tm: nomus mzrzns cu, more-Luna wasumm'ou, n. c.

(No Model.) 9 Sheets Sheet 8.

T. EKROTH. GASH REGISTER.

No. 470,423. Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

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9 Sheets-Sheet 9. T EKROTH CASH REGISTER.

(No Model.)

No. 470,423. Pafiented Mar. 8, 1892 din WV M 5M UNiTED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

TEODOR EKROTH, OF STOCKHOLM, STVEDEN.

CASH-REGISTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,423, dated March 8,1892.

Application filed August 14, 1890. Serial No. 361.968. (No model.)Patented in GermanyApril 2, 1890, N 5 i Belgium April 3, 1890, No.90,075; in England April 3, 1890, No. 5,229, and in Finland April 10,1890, No. 356.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, TEODOR EKROTH, a subjcct of the King of Sweden,residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have invented an Improvement inCash-Registers, (for which Letters Patent have been granted in BelgiumApril 3, 1800, No. 90,075; in Finland April 10, 1890, No. 350; in GreatBritain April 3,1890, No. 5,229, and in Germany April 2, 1890, No.56,653,) of which the following is a specification.

The object of this inventionis to indicate the amount in dollars andcents or other currency of a purchase and then to make a printed recordthereof and simultaneously to print a slip or receipt to be given to thepurchaser, and upon this slip or receipt the name of the person orfirmcarrying on the business will usually be printed, and also a number todenote the successive sales recorded on the machine and either a letteror other character to denote the person effecting the sale. The amountof the sale is simultaneously printed on a separate strip of paper, sothat the total sales can be computed by adding up the sales that areprinted successively.

In carrying out my invention I make use of a range of slides or swingingsegments having numbers to indicate values,and there are a correspondingnumber of type-wheels connected to the slides or segments by tubularsleeves of successively-increasing diameters, and the printing iseffected by a lever and impression-plate above the type-wheels, and asecond impression is taken upon a strip of paper around animpression-roller that is brought up below the type-wheels, it beingunderstood that upon the type-wheels similar characters are applied uponthe opposite edges, and I also provide for inking theimpression-surfaces and for feeding along a strip of paper from a rolland cutting the same off by shears after being printed upon, so as toform a check or receipt to give to the custonier.

In the drawings, Figure l is a general plan view of the apparatus, theinolosing case be ing removed and some portions of the mechism brokenoff. Fig. 2 is an elevation at one end of the apparatus, the case beingremoved and portions of the supporting-bedin section.

Fig. 3 is an elevation at one side of the machine, the case beingremoved. Fig. at is a plan view. Fig. 5 is an end elevation, and Fig. 6is a side View representing the invention with swinging sectors insteadof slides. Fig. 7 is a section longitudinally of the main shaft. Fig. 8is a detached view of one of the slides and a toothed sector therewithconnected, the main shaft being in section. Fig. 9 is a detached view ofthe shears. Fig. 10 is a detached sectional view of the spring-pin foractuating the counting mechanism. Fig. 11 is an elevation with the shaftin section at the line y y of Fig. 7. Fig. 12 is a side elevation, andFig. 13 a plan, of the countingwheels.

The type-wheels a are all alike-that is to say, each type-wheel has twosets of numerals in regular order, so that the same number is duplicatedupon the opposite edge of the wheel, and the shaft h is supported insuitable frames or standards, such as those shown at u 9 and around theshaft Z) are tubular axles or sleeves Z) of successively-increasingdiameter and of decreasing length, and the sleeves are connectedsuccessively to the type-wheels and to the cog-segments i, as indicatedin Fig. 7, so that the outer typewheel and the outer cog-segment arefastened to the shaft 1), the next type-wheel and cogsegment arefastened to the first tubular sleeve around the shaft Z2, and so on, andthese cog'segments are acted upon by the number-plates e, which haveupon their under surfaces rack-teeth gearing with the cog-segments 1'.Hence each type-wheel is moved by its corresponding number-plate.

The number-plates e are supported by and slide between the guide-bars f,that are fastened at their ends to the frames of the machine, and theinclosing case A is provided with an opening sufficiently large toexpose all of the number-plates c, as indicated in Fig. 8, when suchnumber-plates are in their normal position, and upon the number-platesthere are cross ribs or projections between one number and the next, sothat the finger of the operator can be placed upon the number-plate andat the desired number and the number-plate slid along until the fingercomes in contact with the inclosing case at the edge of the opening, andin so doing the corresponding numbers upon the connected typewheel willbe placed in position for impressions to be taken, as hereinafter setforth,

"and in the normal position the number-plates all stand at zero, andthey are to be moved in succession by the attendant to denote dollarsand cents or francs and centimes.

I have represented two columns or numberplates adapted to cents orcentimes and three number-plates adapted to dollars or francs up to ninehundred and ninety-nine, and another number or indicating plate, whichis connected with the outer or largest tubular axle, which maybe used toindicate by either a number or a letter the party making the sale orrecording the purchase.

Bythe description thus far given it will be understood that thetype-wheels can be placed in the desired position by the number-plates,and that thereafter two impressions can be taken from the type-Wheels,one being taken at the upper side and the other at the under side of thetype-wheels, and that these impressions will be alike.

Each of the number-plates is provided upon the under side with notchescorrespondingin number and position to the numbers or characters upontheir faces, as illustrated in Fig. 8, and there is a range ofspring-p'awls 7c, which catch and hold the number-plates as they aremoved to position, and upon the hub of each of the cog-segments ta cordor chain at is connected and also connected to a spring 0, so that therespective plates and'type-wheels are firmly held in position by thepawls and springs during the impression, and there is a rock-shaft Zacross above the spring-pawls 7t and provided with toes, so that whenthe handle m is depressed and the rock-shaft- Z moved the spring-pawlslcare disengaged and the number-plates e and type-wheels are returned bythe springs 0 to their normal positions, and there may be pieces ofleather or rubber for the plates e to strike against to lessen theconcussion. There is a frame 0" adjacent to or connected with theguidesf, and the gross-shaft s is provided with a lever-handle t andwith toggle or crank-arms r and link q connected to an impression-frameC, pivoted at its back end to the standard 0', so that by the movementof the handle i this frameO can be raised or lowered to give theimpression and to feed the paper, and there is an impression-plate 1),carried by the frame 0, and preferably having an elastic under face, soas to give an impression upon the strip of paper 14:, that is led offfrom the roll 15 of paper, and this paper passes beneath theimpression-plate p, and it is supported at its edges by guides (seeFigs. 3 and 11) and small rolls 16, and above the rolls 16 is across-axis 18 and feed-roller 17, which is adapted to press only uponthe strip of paper near the edges and above the rolls 16, and upon theaxis 18 of the feed-roll is apinion 20 in gear with a stationarysegmental rack 22 upon one of the framesr'. The feedroll 17 is looseupon the axis 18, and there is a ratchet-wheel 19 upon the axis and apawl 21 upon the feed-roll 17, so that when the 1mpression-frame O isbeing raised by the han-.

I provide a shear 33, that in its normal position is raised by a springto allow the strip 14 of paper to pass out freely, and at the extremeupward movement the shear 33 comes in contact with the stationaryprojection 34 to move such shear and cut off the paper that has beenprojected. A second roll 23 of paper is provided, and such paper passesaround the roll 1 and is kept in position by guide-wires, and fromthence it is led to the wind-up or feeding roll 26, and this roll 1becomes animpressionroll, the same being upon a fork a at the end of ayielding lever 12 the other end 1) of which is acted upon by a slottedlink 00, connected at its upper end to the impression-frame C, asillustrated in Fig. 11, so that when the impression-frame O is broughtdown to print upon the strip 14 the roll 1 is simultaneously brought upto print upon the strip 2% from the roll 23, and the motion that isgiven to the wind-up roll 26 is to be sufficient for separating oneimpression from the other, so that the amounts printed upon the strip 24can be added up from time to time to compute the total amount of thesales recorded on the machine.

The mechanism for inking the type and for actuating the roll 26 consistsof the crankarm 2, link 3, and arm 4 to a rock-shaft carrying theswinging frames 5, that are provided with slots for the inking-rolls 6and 7 and springs 58 for pressing the inking-rollsupon the surfaces tobe inked. The roll 7 passes beneath the type-wheels a, and the roll 6passes above such type-wheels and the type-wheels are between theyoke-frame u u, the swinging frames 5 being outside of such yoke-framesu u, and the roller 7 passes across through openings in such frames, andthere is adjoining the type-wheels and rest ing upon the top of theyoke-frames u u a printing-plate D, which may be in the form of anelectrotype or stereotype supported by the removable side plates D, towhich the printing-plate is connected, and these removable side platessit between the yokeframes to u and may be held in position by springs61 with pins 62 or other suitable devices, and these removable sideplates carry also the axis for the dating-wheels c, which wheels are tobe similar to those used in handstampsthat is to say, one wheel has uponits periphery the names of the months or the abbreviations of the same,and two other wheels have numbers for the days of the month. These areto be moved by hand after the printing-plate and side plates have beenlifted out from the machine, and there may also be wheels with numbersto denote the years. Upon the same axis there are numbering-wheels (Z. Ihave represented three of them in Fig. 13, and there is a swingingcrutch or frame 12, having a pin 11 projecting from one side, wherebysuch crutch is made to swing upon the axis of the numbering-wheels d,and this crutch carries a springpawl 13 with three forks, the points ofwhich are at increasing distances from the numbering-wheels, and uponeach numbering-wheel are teeth adjacent to the numbers and the notchesadjacent to the O upon the units and tens number-wheels are ofsuccessively-increasing depths, so that one fork of the pawl 13 movesthe units-wheel each stroke, and when it has made one rotation its pawldrops into the notch adjacent to the O a sufficient distance for thenext pawl to move the tenswheel one notch, and in this manner thetenswheel is turned progressively up to 90, and the notch thereofadjacent to the 0 is sufficiently deep for the spring-pawlsto descendand cause the third prong of the pawl to take the third or hundredswheel, and in this way a computation is continuously effected, so thateach impression upon the paper 14 is numbered and the date is printed atthe same time as the amount of the sale is indicated by the type-wheelsa.

Any suitable device may be employed for giving motion to the pin 11 andcrutch 12. I have shown a bent lever with an arm to act upon the pin 11,the longerend 9 of which arm is beveled at one edge, and there is aspring 8 upon the swinging frame 5, carrying a pin 59, which passesthrough the frame and acts upon the arm 9 when such swinging frame 5 isbeing moved backwardly; but the spring-pin 59 slides over theincline onthe arm 9 when the frame 5 is swinging in the opposite direction, sothat this pin 59 gives motion to the arms 9 l0 and to the crutch andpawls each time an impression is made upon the paper.

In order to apply ink to the rolls 6 and 7 I make use of the pads orinking-webs 35 and 36, the lower ends of which are in the inkholder 37,and the ink ascends these webs 35 and 36 by capillary action, and thereare plates 38 and 39 for supporting the webs 35 and 36, and the roller 6runs over the inkingweb 35 and the inking-roller 7 runs under theinking-web 36, and in this manner such rollers 6 and 7 are supplied soas to ink the-typewheels to and the printing-surface of the plate D andthe dating-wheels e and the nu mbering-wheels d, before referred to.

The inelosing case should be adapted to inclosing the whole of theapparatus, except where the openings, are provided to give access to thenumber-plates c, and thereis also to be an opening, through which thestrip 14 can be projected before it is cut off. The strip 2% of papermay be wound upon the roller 26, as shown in Fig. 11, or it may passbetween the rolls and 26, as shown in Fig. 3. In thelatter instance thepaper may pass off through the trunk of receiver 31, Figs. 1 and 3, intothe portion 32 of the apparatus and within the case; but when the paperis wound upon the roller 26 the parts 31 and 32 are not required. Undereither condition the roll 26 is rotated progressively by the action ofthe link 30, extending from the swinging frame 5 to the rocker 29, whichhas the axis of the roll 26 for its pivot, and this rocker 29 carries apawl 28, acting upon a ratchetwheel 27 at the end of the roller 26, sothat the paper is drawn along the proper distance each movement of theprinting apparatus.

The inking-webs 35 and 36 and the supports 38 39 and ink-holder 37 mayall be connected together, so as to be removable from the apparatus forcleaning or otherwise.

In Fig. 11 a latch or button is represented for retaining the ink-holderin position between the frames u 11..

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 represent modifications of the before-describedmechanism, in which segm cuts 63 take the place of the number-plates.These segments 63 are to be made similar to ratchets and the numbers areto be placed upon the flat surfaces of the respective teeth, so that theoperator can drawback the tooth having the proper mark and in so doingturn the corrcspon ding type wheel or segment, and the spring-pawls 7r,Fig.6, can be'made to hold these number-segments, and with thisconstruction the springs 7.; will be connected to a cross-bar 40, andthe rock-shaft Z, with its handle at and the toes thereon, are locatedbetween the springs and the teeth, as indicated in Fig. 6, for releasingall the springs simultaneously to allow the tooth-segments to berestored to their normal position, and volute springs 0 may be made useof in place of helical springs. In this modification of the invention Ihaye represented sectors a having the type upon the peripheries thereofin place of having complete type-wheels. These sectors are connected bythe tubular or sleeve axes, as before described; but for making thesecond or computing record a second set of similar segments a arerepresented upon the shaft or axle I), each pair of type-segments beingconnected by a link a1, so as to swing together, and the printing isperformed in one plane, and the inking-roller 6 is moved across thesurfaces to be inked by lever-arms 5 from the rock-shaft 52, whichreceives its motion by the arm 2, link 3, and crank 4:, similar to thatin Fig. 3, and the impression-plate p is pivoted on the stand 43 andacted upon by the lever-arms 47 L8 and rollers 49 in place of thetoggle-links shown in Fig. 3. \Vith this modification separate slips ofpaper are to be inserted from time to time into the holder 42 beneaththe impression-plate and withdrawn IIO after being printed upon, and Iremark that the dating-wheels c are similar to those before describedand the numbering-wheels d are also the same as before described; butthe pawl acting upon the numbering-Wheels d can receive its motion fromthe slide 55, that is acted upon by an arm 53 from the rockshaft 52, andthe spring 56 gives a movement to the slide 55 in the opposite directionfrom that received by the arm 53. The strip of paper upon whichthe'record is kept passes from the roll 23 overaroll 1 upon the impression-frame c, and from thence it passes to the roll 26, thatsurrounds the axis 44 loosely, and the paper is wound upon this roll 26pro gressively by the action of the pawl 28 and ratchet-wheel 27 as theprinting or impression frame is raised or lowered, and I haverepresented a spring for raising the-lever carrying theimpression-frame.

I have described and shown the types as either upon wheels or segmentsto more clearly define the respective shapes, and I make use of the termtype-carrier as applying to both formsof devices. nor the number ofplates e', whenin a curved form, are described as segments 63 and aretheir equivalents.

I claim as my invention-*- 1. The combination, with the type-carriersand the tubular axes therewith connected, of number-plates connectedwith the tubular axes, an impression frame and plate for printing fromthe types, spring-pawls for holding the number-plates in position, arock-shaft provided with toes for disengaging the springpawls, andsprings for returning the parts to their normal position, substantiallyas set forth.

2. The combination, in a registering apparatus, of number-wheels, eachhaving two sets of characters, tubular axes for the same andcog-segments connected with the respective tubular axes, number plateshaving rackteeth in gear with the cog-segments and ratchet-teeth, pawlsfor holding the numberplates in the position to which.they may be moved,a rock-shaft provided with toes and lever for disengaging the pawls,springs for restoring the parts to their normal positions and impressionplate and frame for moving In like man-' the same, animpression-roller,andmeans for around the impression-roller, andinking-rolls and frames for moving the same both above and below thetype-wheels, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the type-Wheels having corresponding charactersat opposite edges, of the tubular axes for the same, and number-platesfor moving the type-wheels, a removable printing-plate adjacent to theupper surfaces of the type-wheels, frames for supporting such removableprinting-plate, a series of numbering wheels, mechanism for turning thesame progressively each stroke of the apparatus, inking-rollers andswinging frames for carrying the rollers above and below thetype-wheels, and mechanism for pressing strips of paper upon theinking-surfaces above and below the type-wheels, substan tially as setforth.

.5. The combination, with the type-carriers, of number-plates, tubularaxes connecting the respective type-wheels and plates, springpawls andratchet-teeth for holding the parts in position, mechanism for releasingthe spring-pawls, springs for restoring the parts to their normalpositions, numbering-wheels and pawls for moving the same progressively,and printing mechanism. for impressing simultaneously the types andnumbers, substantially'as as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

TEODOR EKROTlI.

Witnesses:

NERE A. ELFWING, GEORG ERIKSON.

